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stack_wallet/docs/building.md

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Building

Here you will find instructions on how to install the necessary tools for building and running the app.

Prerequisites

  • The only OS supported for building Android and Linux desktop is Ubuntu 20.04. Windows builds require using Ubuntu 20.04 on WSL2. macOS builds for itself and iOS. Advanced users may also be able to build on other Debian-based distributions like Linux Mint.
  • Android setup (Android Studio and subsequent dependencies)
  • 100 GB of storage

Linux host

The following instructions are for building and running on a Linux host. Alternatively, see the Mac and/or Windows section. This entire section (except for the Android Studio section) needs to be completed in WSL if building on a Windows host.

Flutter

Install Flutter 3.19.6 by following their guide. You can also clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter, check out the 3.19.6 tag, and add its flutter/bin folder to your PATH as in

FLUTTER_DIR="$HOME/development/flutter"
git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git "$FLUTTER_DIR"
cd "$FLUTTER_DIR"
git checkout 3.16.9
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:'"$FLUTTER_DIR"'/bin"' >> "$HOME/.profile"
source "$HOME/.profile"
flutter precache

Run flutter doctor in a terminal to confirm its installation.

Android Studio

Install Android Studio. Follow instructions here https://developer.android.com/studio/install#linux or install via snap:

# setup android studio
sudo apt install -y openjdk-11-jdk
sudo snap install android-studio --classic

Use Tools > SDK Manager to install:

  • SDK Tools > Android SDK command line tools
  • SDK Tools > CMake and for Android builds,
  • SDK Tools > Android SDK (API 30)
  • SDK Tools > NDK

Then in File > Settings > Plugins, install the Flutter and Dart plugins and restart the IDE. In File > Settings > Languages & Frameworks > Flutter > Editor, enable auto format on save to match the project's code style. If you have problems with the Dart SDK, make sure to run flutter in a terminal to download it (use source ~/.bashrc to update your environment variables if you're still using the same terminal from which you ran setup.sh). Run flutter doctor to install any missing dependencies and review and agree to any license agreements.

Make a Pixel 4 (API 30) x86_64 emulator with 2GB of storage space for emulation.

The following may be needed for Android studio:

sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 lib32z1 libbz2-1.0:i386

Build dependencies

Install basic dependencies

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev curl unzip automake build-essential file pkg-config git python libtool libtinfo5 cmake libgit2-dev clang libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev zlib1g-dev llvm python3-distutils

Install Rust with command:

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
source ~/.bashrc 
rustup install 1.67.1 1.72.0 1.73.0
rustup default 1.67.1

Install the additional components for Rust:

cargo install cargo-ndk --version 2.12.7 --locked

Android specific dependencies:

sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386
rustup target add aarch64-linux-android armv7-linux-androideabi i686-linux-android x86_64-linux-android

Linux desktop specific dependencies:

sudo apt-get install clang cmake ninja-build pkg-config libgtk-3-dev liblzma-dev meson python3-pip libgirepository1.0-dev valac xsltproc docbook-xsl
pip3 install --upgrade meson==0.64.1 markdown==3.4.1 markupsafe==2.1.1 jinja2==3.1.2 pygments==2.13.0 toml==0.10.2 typogrify==2.0.7 tomli==2.0.1

After installing the prerequisites listed above, download the code and init the submodules

git clone https://github.com/cypherstack/stack_wallet.git
cd stack_wallet
git submodule update --init --recursive

Build the secure storage dependencies in order to target Linux (not needed for Windows or other platforms):

cd scripts/linux
./build_secure_storage_deps.sh
// when finished go back to the root directory
cd ../..

Build coinlib

Coinlib's native secp256k1 library must be built prior to running Stack Wallet. It can be built from within the root stack_wallet folder on a...

  • Linux host for Linux targets: dart run coinlib:build_linux, or
  • Linux host for Windows targets: dart run coinlib:build_windows_crosscompile
  • Windows host: dart run coinlib:build_windows
  • WSL2 host: dart run coinlib:build_wsl
  • macOS host: dart run coinlib:build_macos

To build coinlib on Linux, you will need docker (see installation instructions) or podman (sudo apt-get -y install podman)

For Windows targets, you can use a secp256k1.dll produced by any of the three middle options if the first attempt doesn't succeed.

Run prebuild script

Certain test wallet parameter and API key template files must be created in order to run Stack Wallet. These can be created by script as in

cd scripts
./prebuild.sh
// when finished go back to the root directory
cd ..

or manually by creating the files referenced in that script with the specified content.

Build plugins

Building plugins for Android

Warning: This will take a long time, please be patient

cd scripts/android
./build_all.sh

Building plugins for Linux

cd scripts/linux
./build_all.sh
Remove system packages (may be needed for building flutter_libmonero)

flutter_libmonero may have issues building due to conflicts with system packages: if so, follow this section.

Remove pre-installed system libraries for the following packages built by cryptography plugins in the crypto_plugins folder: boost iconv libjson-dev libsecret openssl sodium unbound zmq. You can use

sudo apt list --installed | grep boost

for example to find which pre-installed packages you may need to remove with sudo apt remove. Be careful, as some packages (especially boost) are linked to GNOME (GUI) packages: when in doubt, remove -dev packages first like with

sudo apt-get remove '^libboost.*-dev.*'

Building plugins for Windows

cd scripts/windows
./deps.sh
./build_all.sh

Running

Android

Plug in your android device or use the emulator available via Android Studio and then run the following commands:

flutter pub get
flutter run android

Note on Emulators: Only x86_64 emulators are supported, x86 emulators will not work. You should configure KVM for much better performance.

Linux

Run the following commands or launch via Android Studio:

flutter pub get
flutter run linux

Mac host

Dependencies

XCode, Homebrew and several homebrew packages, Rust, and Flutter are required for Mac development with the Flutter SDK. Multiple IDEs may work, but Android Studio is recommended.

Download and install Xcode at https://developer.apple.com/xcode/, register your device (Mac or iPhone), and enable developer mode for your device as applicable. After installing XCode, make sure commandline tools are installed with xcode-select --install.

Download and install Homebrew. The following command can install it via script:

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

After installing Homebrew, install the following packages:

brew install autoconf automake boost berkeley-db ca-certificates cbindgen cmake cmake cocoapods curl git libssh2 make openssl@1.1 openssl@3 perl pkg-config rustup-init sodium unbound unzip xz zmq

The following brew formula may be needed:

brew install brotli cairo coreutils gdbm gettext glib gmp libevent libidn2 libnghttp2 libtool libunistring libx11 libxau libxcb libxdmcp libxext libxrender lzo m4 openldap pcre2 pixman procs rtmpdump tcl-tk xorgproto zstd

Download and install Rust. Rustup is recommended for Rust setup. Use rustc to confirm successful installation. Install toolchains 1.67.1 and 1.72.0 and cbindgen and cargo-lipo too. You will also have to add the platform target(s) aarch64-apple-ios and/or aarch64-apple-darwin. You can use the command(s):

curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
source ~/.bashrc 
rustup install 1.67.1
rustup install 1.72.0
rustup default 1.67.1
cargo install cbindgen cargo-lipo
rustup target add aarch64-apple-ios aarch64-apple-darwin

Optionally download Android Studio as an IDE and activate its Dart and Flutter plugins. VS Code may work as an alternative, but this is not recommended.

Flutter

Install Flutter 3.16.8 on your Mac host by following these instructions. Run flutter doctor in a terminal to confirm its installation.

Build plugins

Building plugins for iOS

cd scripts/ios
./build_all.sh

Building plugins for macOS

cd scripts/macos
./build_all.sh

Run prebuild script

Certain test wallet parameter and API key template files must be created in order to run Stack Wallet. These can be created by script as in

cd scripts
./prebuild.sh
// when finished go back to the root directory
cd ..

or manually by creating the files referenced in that script with the specified content.

Running

iOS

Plug in your iOS device or use an emulato and then run the following commands:

flutter pub get
flutter run ios

macOS

Run the following commands or launch via Android Studio:

flutter pub get
flutter run macos

Windows host

Visual Studio

Visual Studio is required for Windows development with the Flutter SDK. Download it at https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/ and install the "Desktop development with C++", "Linux development with C++", and "Visual C++ build tools" workloads. You may also need the Windows 10, 11, and/or Universal SDK workloads depending on your Windows version.

Build plugins in WSL2

Set up Ubuntu 20.04 in WSL2. Follow the entire Linux host section in the WSL2 Ubuntu 20.04 host to get set up to build. The Android Studio section may be skipped in WSL (it's only needed on the Windows host).

Install the following libraries:

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

You will also need to install MXE on the WSL2 Ubuntu 20.04 host and can do so by running stack_wallet/scripts/windows/deps.sh:

./stack_wallet/scripts/windows/deps.sh

The WSL2 host may optionally be navigated to the stack_wallet repository on the Windows host in order to build the plugins in-place and skip the next section in which you copy the dlls from WSL2 to Windows. Then build windows dll libraries by running the following script on the WSL2 Ubuntu 20.04 host:

  • stack_wallet/scripts/windows/build_all.sh

Copy the resulting dlls to their respective positions on the Windows host:

  • stack_wallet/crypto_plugins/flutter_libepiccash/scripts/windows/build/libepic_cash_wallet.dll
  • stack_wallet/crypto_plugins/flutter_liblelantus/scripts/windows/build/libmobileliblelantus.dll

Frostdart will be built by the Windows host later.

Install Flutter on Windows host

Install Flutter 3.19.6 on your Windows host (not in WSL2) by following their guide or by cloning https://github.com/flutter/flutter, checking out the 3.19.6 tag, and adding its flutter/bin folder to your PATH as in

@echo off
set "FLUTTER_DIR=%USERPROFILE%\development\flutter"
git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git "%FLUTTER_DIR%"
cd /d "%FLUTTER_DIR%"
git checkout 3.16.9
setx PATH "%PATH%;%FLUTTER_DIR%\bin"
echo Flutter setup completed. Please restart your command prompt.

Run flutter doctor in PowerShell to confirm its installation.

Rust

Install Rust on the Windows host (not in WSL2). Download the installer from rustup.rs, make sure it works on the commandline (you may need to open a new terminal), and install the following versions:

rustup install 1.72.0 # For frostdart and tor.
rustup install 1.67.1 # For flutter_libepiccash.
rustup default 1.67.1

Windows SDK and Developer Mode

Install the Windows SDK: https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-sdk/ You may need to install the Windows 10 SDK, which can be installed by Visual Studio (Tools > Get Tools and Features... > Modify > Individual Components > Windows 10 SDK).

Enable Developer Mode for symlink support,

start ms-settings:developers

You may need to install NuGet and CppWinRT / C++/WinRT SDKs version 2.0.210806.1:

winget install 9WZDNCRDMDM3 # NuGet, can also use Microsoft.NuGet
winget install Microsoft.Windows.CppWinRT -Version 2.0.210806.1

or download the package and manually install it by placing it in flutter/bin with nuget.exe and installing by running nuget install Microsoft.Windows.CppWinRT -Version 2.0.210806.1 in the root stack_wallet folder.

Run prebuild script

Certain test wallet parameter and API key template files must be created in order to run Stack Wallet on Windows. These can be created by script using PowerShell on the Windows host as in

cd scripts
./prebuild.ps1
cd .. // When finished go back to the root directory.

or manually by creating the files referenced in that script with the specified content.

Build frostdart

In PowerShell on the Windows host, navigate to the stack_wallet folder:

cd crypto_plugins/frostdart
./build_all.bat
cd .. // When finished go back to the root directory.

Running

Run the following commands:

flutter pub get
flutter run -d windows

Troubleshooting

Run with -v or --verbose to see a more detailed error. Certain exceptions (like missing a plugin library) may not report quality errors without verbose, especially on Windows.

Tor

To test Tor usage, run Stack Wallet from Android Studio. Click the Flutter DevTools icon in the Run tab (next to the Hot Reload and Hot Restart buttons) and navigate to the Network tab. Connections using Tor will show as GET InternetAddress('127.0.0.1', IPv4) 101 ws. Connections outside of Tor will show the destination address directly (although some Tor requests may also show the destination address directly, check the Headers take for eg. {localPort: 59940, remoteAddress: 127.0.0.1, remotePort: 6725}. localPort should match your Tor port.