use core::{time::Duration, fmt};
use std::{
  sync::Arc,
  io::Read,
  collections::{HashSet, HashMap},
  time::{SystemTime, Instant},
};

use async_trait::async_trait;
use rand_core::{RngCore, OsRng};

use ciphersuite::{Ciphersuite, Ristretto};

use scale::Encode;
use borsh::{BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize};
use serai_client::{primitives::NetworkId, validator_sets::primitives::ValidatorSet, Serai};

use serai_db::Db;

use futures_util::StreamExt;
use tokio::{
  sync::{Mutex, RwLock, mpsc, broadcast},
  time::sleep,
};

use libp2p::{
  core::multiaddr::{Protocol, Multiaddr},
  identity::Keypair,
  PeerId,
  tcp::Config as TcpConfig,
  noise, yamux,
  gossipsub::{
    IdentTopic, FastMessageId, MessageId, MessageAuthenticity, ValidationMode, ConfigBuilder,
    IdentityTransform, AllowAllSubscriptionFilter, Event as GsEvent, PublishError,
    Behaviour as GsBehavior,
  },
  swarm::{NetworkBehaviour, SwarmEvent, Swarm},
  SwarmBuilder,
};

pub(crate) use tributary::{ReadWrite, P2p as TributaryP2p};

use crate::{Transaction, Block, Tributary, ActiveTributary, TributaryEvent};

const LIBP2P_TOPIC: &str = "serai-coordinator";

#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize)]
pub struct CosignedBlock {
  pub network: NetworkId,
  pub block_number: u64,
  pub block: [u8; 32],
  pub signature: [u8; 64],
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug)]
pub enum P2pMessageKind {
  KeepAlive,
  Tributary([u8; 32]),
  Heartbeat([u8; 32]),
  Block([u8; 32]),
  CosignedBlock,
}

impl P2pMessageKind {
  fn genesis(&self) -> Option<[u8; 32]> {
    match self {
      P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive | P2pMessageKind::CosignedBlock => None,
      P2pMessageKind::Tributary(genesis) |
      P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(genesis) |
      P2pMessageKind::Block(genesis) => Some(*genesis),
    }
  }

  fn serialize(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
    match self {
      P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive => vec![0],
      P2pMessageKind::Tributary(genesis) => {
        let mut res = vec![1];
        res.extend(genesis);
        res
      }
      P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(genesis) => {
        let mut res = vec![2];
        res.extend(genesis);
        res
      }
      P2pMessageKind::Block(genesis) => {
        let mut res = vec![3];
        res.extend(genesis);
        res
      }
      P2pMessageKind::CosignedBlock => {
        vec![4]
      }
    }
  }

  fn read<R: Read>(reader: &mut R) -> Option<P2pMessageKind> {
    let mut kind = [0; 1];
    reader.read_exact(&mut kind).ok()?;
    match kind[0] {
      0 => Some(P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive),
      1 => Some({
        let mut genesis = [0; 32];
        reader.read_exact(&mut genesis).ok()?;
        P2pMessageKind::Tributary(genesis)
      }),
      2 => Some({
        let mut genesis = [0; 32];
        reader.read_exact(&mut genesis).ok()?;
        P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(genesis)
      }),
      3 => Some({
        let mut genesis = [0; 32];
        reader.read_exact(&mut genesis).ok()?;
        P2pMessageKind::Block(genesis)
      }),
      4 => Some(P2pMessageKind::CosignedBlock),
      _ => None,
    }
  }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Message<P: P2p> {
  pub sender: P::Id,
  pub kind: P2pMessageKind,
  pub msg: Vec<u8>,
}

#[async_trait]
pub trait P2p: Send + Sync + Clone + fmt::Debug + TributaryP2p {
  type Id: Send + Sync + Clone + Copy + fmt::Debug;

  async fn subscribe(&self, set: ValidatorSet, genesis: [u8; 32]);
  async fn unsubscribe(&self, set: ValidatorSet, genesis: [u8; 32]);

  async fn send_raw(&self, to: Self::Id, genesis: Option<[u8; 32]>, msg: Vec<u8>);
  async fn broadcast_raw(&self, genesis: Option<[u8; 32]>, msg: Vec<u8>);
  async fn receive_raw(&self) -> (Self::Id, Vec<u8>);

  async fn send(&self, to: Self::Id, kind: P2pMessageKind, msg: Vec<u8>) {
    let mut actual_msg = kind.serialize();
    actual_msg.extend(msg);
    self.send_raw(to, kind.genesis(), actual_msg).await;
  }
  async fn broadcast(&self, kind: P2pMessageKind, msg: Vec<u8>) {
    let mut actual_msg = kind.serialize();
    actual_msg.extend(msg);
    /*
    log::trace!(
      "broadcasting p2p message (kind {})",
      match kind {
        P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive => "KeepAlive".to_string(),
        P2pMessageKind::Tributary(genesis) => format!("Tributary({})", hex::encode(genesis)),
        P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(genesis) => format!("Heartbeat({})", hex::encode(genesis)),
        P2pMessageKind::Block(genesis) => format!("Block({})", hex::encode(genesis)),
        P2pMessageKind::CosignedBlock => "CosignedBlock".to_string(),
      }
    );
    */
    self.broadcast_raw(kind.genesis(), actual_msg).await;
  }
  async fn receive(&self) -> Message<Self> {
    let (sender, kind, msg) = loop {
      let (sender, msg) = self.receive_raw().await;
      if msg.is_empty() {
        log::error!("empty p2p message from {sender:?}");
        continue;
      }

      let mut msg_ref = msg.as_ref();
      let Some(kind) = P2pMessageKind::read::<&[u8]>(&mut msg_ref) else {
        log::error!("invalid p2p message kind from {sender:?}");
        continue;
      };
      break (sender, kind, msg_ref.to_vec());
    };
    /*
    log::trace!(
      "received p2p message (kind {})",
      match kind {
        P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive => "KeepAlive".to_string(),
        P2pMessageKind::Tributary(genesis) => format!("Tributary({})", hex::encode(genesis)),
        P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(genesis) => format!("Heartbeat({})", hex::encode(genesis)),
        P2pMessageKind::Block(genesis) => format!("Block({})", hex::encode(genesis)),
        P2pMessageKind::CosignedBlock => "CosignedBlock".to_string(),
      }
    );
    */
    Message { sender, kind, msg }
  }
}

#[derive(NetworkBehaviour)]
struct Behavior {
  gossipsub: GsBehavior,
}

#[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct LibP2p {
  subscribe: Arc<Mutex<mpsc::UnboundedSender<(bool, ValidatorSet, [u8; 32])>>>,
  broadcast: Arc<Mutex<mpsc::UnboundedSender<(Option<[u8; 32]>, Vec<u8>)>>>,
  receive: Arc<Mutex<mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<(PeerId, Vec<u8>)>>>,
}
impl fmt::Debug for LibP2p {
  fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
    fmt.debug_struct("LibP2p").finish_non_exhaustive()
  }
}

impl LibP2p {
  #[allow(clippy::new_without_default)]
  pub fn new(serai: Arc<Serai>) -> Self {
    // Block size limit + 1 KB of space for signatures/metadata
    const MAX_LIBP2P_MESSAGE_SIZE: usize = tributary::BLOCK_SIZE_LIMIT + 1024;

    log::info!("creating a libp2p instance");

    let throwaway_key_pair = Keypair::generate_ed25519();

    let behavior = Behavior {
      gossipsub: {
        let heartbeat_interval = tributary::tendermint::LATENCY_TIME / 2;
        let heartbeats_per_block =
          usize::try_from(tributary::tendermint::TARGET_BLOCK_TIME / heartbeat_interval).unwrap();

        use blake2::{Digest, Blake2s256};
        let config = ConfigBuilder::default()
          .heartbeat_interval(Duration::from_millis(heartbeat_interval.into()))
          .history_length(heartbeats_per_block * 2)
          .history_gossip(heartbeats_per_block)
          .max_transmit_size(MAX_LIBP2P_MESSAGE_SIZE)
          // We send KeepAlive after 80s
          .idle_timeout(Duration::from_secs(85))
          .validation_mode(ValidationMode::Strict)
          // Uses a content based message ID to avoid duplicates as much as possible
          .message_id_fn(|msg| {
            MessageId::new(&Blake2s256::digest([msg.topic.as_str().as_bytes(), &msg.data].concat()))
          })
          // Re-defines for fast ID to prevent needing to convert into a Message to run
          // message_id_fn
          // This function is valid for both
          .fast_message_id_fn(|msg| {
            FastMessageId::new(&Blake2s256::digest(
              [msg.topic.as_str().as_bytes(), &msg.data].concat(),
            ))
          })
          .build();
        let mut gossipsub = GsBehavior::<IdentityTransform, AllowAllSubscriptionFilter>::new(
          MessageAuthenticity::Signed(throwaway_key_pair.clone()),
          config.unwrap(),
        )
        .unwrap();

        // Subscribe to the base topic
        let topic = IdentTopic::new(LIBP2P_TOPIC);
        gossipsub.subscribe(&topic).unwrap();

        gossipsub
      },
    };

    // Uses noise for authentication, yamux for multiplexing
    // TODO: Do we want to add a custom authentication protocol to only accept connections from
    // fellow validators? Doing so would reduce the potential for spam
    // TODO: Relay client?
    let mut swarm = SwarmBuilder::with_existing_identity(throwaway_key_pair)
      .with_tokio()
      .with_tcp(TcpConfig::default().nodelay(true), noise::Config::new, || {
        let mut config = yamux::Config::default();
        // 1 MiB default + max message size
        config.set_max_buffer_size((1024 * 1024) + MAX_LIBP2P_MESSAGE_SIZE);
        // 256 KiB default + max message size
        config
          .set_receive_window_size(((256 * 1024) + MAX_LIBP2P_MESSAGE_SIZE).try_into().unwrap());
        config
      })
      .unwrap()
      .with_behaviour(|_| behavior)
      .unwrap()
      .build();
    const PORT: u16 = 30563; // 5132 ^ (('c' << 8) | 'o')
    swarm.listen_on(format!("/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/{PORT}").parse().unwrap()).unwrap();

    let (broadcast_send, mut broadcast_recv) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
    let (receive_send, receive_recv) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
    let (subscribe_send, mut subscribe_recv) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();

    fn topic_for_set(set: ValidatorSet) -> IdentTopic {
      IdentTopic::new(format!("{LIBP2P_TOPIC}-{}", hex::encode(set.encode())))
    }

    // The addrs we're currently dialing, and the networks associated with them
    let dialing_peers = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new()));
    // The peers we're currently connected to, and the networks associated with them
    let connected_peers = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::<Multiaddr, HashSet<NetworkId>>::new()));

    // Find and connect to peers
    let (connect_to_network_send, mut connect_to_network_recv) =
      tokio::sync::mpsc::unbounded_channel();
    let (to_dial_send, mut to_dial_recv) = tokio::sync::mpsc::unbounded_channel();
    tokio::spawn({
      let dialing_peers = dialing_peers.clone();
      let connected_peers = connected_peers.clone();

      let connect_to_network_send = connect_to_network_send.clone();
      async move {
        loop {
          let connect = |network: NetworkId, addr: Multiaddr| {
            let dialing_peers = dialing_peers.clone();
            let connected_peers = connected_peers.clone();
            let to_dial_send = to_dial_send.clone();
            let connect_to_network_send = connect_to_network_send.clone();
            async move {
              log::info!("found peer from substrate: {addr}");

              let protocols = addr.iter().filter_map(|piece| match piece {
                // Drop PeerIds from the Substrate P2p network
                Protocol::P2p(_) => None,
                // Use our own TCP port
                Protocol::Tcp(_) => Some(Protocol::Tcp(PORT)),
                other => Some(other),
              });

              let mut new_addr = Multiaddr::empty();
              for protocol in protocols {
                new_addr.push(protocol);
              }
              let addr = new_addr;
              log::debug!("transformed found peer: {addr}");

              let (is_fresh_dial, nets) = {
                let mut dialing_peers = dialing_peers.write().await;
                let is_fresh_dial = !dialing_peers.contains_key(&addr);
                if is_fresh_dial {
                  dialing_peers.insert(addr.clone(), HashSet::new());
                }
                // Associate this network with this peer
                dialing_peers.get_mut(&addr).unwrap().insert(network);

                let nets = dialing_peers.get(&addr).unwrap().clone();
                (is_fresh_dial, nets)
              };

              // Spawn a task to remove this peer from 'dialing' in sixty seconds, in case dialing
              // fails
              // This performs cleanup and bounds the size of the map to whatever growth occurs
              // within a temporal window
              tokio::spawn({
                let dialing_peers = dialing_peers.clone();
                let connected_peers = connected_peers.clone();
                let connect_to_network_send = connect_to_network_send.clone();
                let addr = addr.clone();
                async move {
                  tokio::time::sleep(core::time::Duration::from_secs(60)).await;
                  let mut dialing_peers = dialing_peers.write().await;
                  if let Some(expected_nets) = dialing_peers.remove(&addr) {
                    log::debug!("removed addr from dialing upon timeout: {addr}");

                    // TODO: De-duplicate this below instance
                    // If we failed to dial and haven't gotten enough actual connections, retry
                    let connected_peers = connected_peers.read().await;
                    for net in expected_nets {
                      let mut remaining_peers = 0;
                      for nets in connected_peers.values() {
                        if nets.contains(&net) {
                          remaining_peers += 1;
                        }
                      }
                      // If we do not, start connecting to this network again
                      if remaining_peers < 3 {
                        connect_to_network_send.send(net).expect(
                          "couldn't send net to connect to due to disconnects (receiver dropped?)",
                        );
                      }
                    }
                  }
                }
              });

              if is_fresh_dial {
                to_dial_send.send((addr, nets)).unwrap();
              }
            }
          };

          // TODO: We should also connect to random peers from random nets as needed for
          // cosigning

          // Define a buffer, `to_retry`, so we can exhaust this channel before sending more down
          // it
          let mut to_retry = vec![];
          while let Some(network) = connect_to_network_recv.recv().await {
            if let Ok(mut nodes) = serai.p2p_validators(network).await {
              // If there's an insufficient amount of nodes known, connect to all yet add it
              // back and break
              if nodes.len() < 3 {
                log::warn!(
                  "insufficient amount of P2P nodes known for {:?}: {}",
                  network,
                  nodes.len()
                );
                to_retry.push(network);
                for node in nodes {
                  connect(network, node).await;
                }
                continue;
              }

              // Randomly select up to 5
              for _ in 0 .. 5 {
                if !nodes.is_empty() {
                  let to_connect = nodes.swap_remove(
                    usize::try_from(OsRng.next_u64() % u64::try_from(nodes.len()).unwrap())
                      .unwrap(),
                  );
                  connect(network, to_connect).await;
                }
              }
            }
          }
          for to_retry in to_retry {
            connect_to_network_send.send(to_retry).unwrap();
          }
          // Sleep 60 seconds before moving to the next iteration
          tokio::time::sleep(core::time::Duration::from_secs(60)).await;
        }
      }
    });

    // Manage the actual swarm
    tokio::spawn({
      let mut time_of_last_p2p_message = Instant::now();

      #[allow(clippy::needless_pass_by_ref_mut)] // False positive
      fn broadcast_raw(
        p2p: &mut Swarm<Behavior>,
        time_of_last_p2p_message: &mut Instant,
        set: Option<ValidatorSet>,
        msg: Vec<u8>,
      ) {
        // Update the time of last message
        *time_of_last_p2p_message = Instant::now();

        let topic =
          if let Some(set) = set { topic_for_set(set) } else { IdentTopic::new(LIBP2P_TOPIC) };

        match p2p.behaviour_mut().gossipsub.publish(topic, msg.clone()) {
          Err(PublishError::SigningError(e)) => panic!("signing error when broadcasting: {e}"),
          Err(PublishError::InsufficientPeers) => {
            log::warn!("failed to send p2p message due to insufficient peers")
          }
          Err(PublishError::MessageTooLarge) => {
            panic!("tried to send a too large message: {}", hex::encode(msg))
          }
          Err(PublishError::TransformFailed(e)) => panic!("IdentityTransform failed: {e}"),
          Err(PublishError::Duplicate) | Ok(_) => {}
        }
      }

      async move {
        let connected_peers = connected_peers.clone();

        let mut set_for_genesis = HashMap::new();
        loop {
          let time_since_last = Instant::now().duration_since(time_of_last_p2p_message);
          tokio::select! {
            biased;

            // Subscribe to any new topics
            set = subscribe_recv.recv() => {
              let (subscribe, set, genesis): (_, ValidatorSet, [u8; 32]) =
                set.expect("subscribe_recv closed. are we shutting down?");
              let topic = topic_for_set(set);
              if subscribe {
                log::info!("subscribing to p2p messages for {set:?}");
                connect_to_network_send.send(set.network).unwrap();
                set_for_genesis.insert(genesis, set);
                swarm.behaviour_mut().gossipsub.subscribe(&topic).unwrap();
              } else {
                log::info!("unsubscribing to p2p messages for {set:?}");
                set_for_genesis.remove(&genesis);
                swarm.behaviour_mut().gossipsub.unsubscribe(&topic).unwrap();
              }
            }

            // Handle any queued outbound messages
            msg = broadcast_recv.recv() => {
              let (genesis, msg): (Option<[u8; 32]>, Vec<u8>) =
                msg.expect("broadcast_recv closed. are we shutting down?");
              let set = genesis.and_then(|genesis| set_for_genesis.get(&genesis).copied());
              broadcast_raw(
                &mut swarm,
                &mut time_of_last_p2p_message,
                set,
                msg,
              );
            }

            // Handle new incoming messages
            event = swarm.next() => {
              match event {
                Some(SwarmEvent::Dialing { connection_id, .. }) => {
                  log::debug!("dialing to peer in connection ID {}", &connection_id);
                }
                Some(SwarmEvent::ConnectionEstablished {
                  peer_id,
                  connection_id,
                  endpoint,
                  ..
                }) => {
                  if &peer_id == swarm.local_peer_id() {
                    log::warn!("established a libp2p connection to ourselves");
                    swarm.close_connection(connection_id);
                    continue;
                  }

                  let addr = endpoint.get_remote_address();
                  let nets = {
                    let mut dialing_peers = dialing_peers.write().await;
                    if let Some(nets) = dialing_peers.remove(addr) {
                      nets
                    } else {
                      log::debug!("connected to a peer who we didn't have within dialing");
                      HashSet::new()
                    }
                  };
                  {
                    let mut connected_peers = connected_peers.write().await;
                    connected_peers.insert(addr.clone(), nets);

                    log::debug!(
                      "connection established to peer {} in connection ID {}, connected peers: {}",
                      &peer_id,
                      &connection_id,
                      connected_peers.len(),
                    );
                  }
                }
                Some(SwarmEvent::ConnectionClosed { peer_id, endpoint, .. }) => {
                  let mut connected_peers = connected_peers.write().await;
                  let Some(nets) = connected_peers.remove(endpoint.get_remote_address()) else {
                    log::debug!("closed connection to peer which wasn't in connected_peers");
                    continue;
                  };
                  // Downgrade to a read lock
                  let connected_peers = connected_peers.downgrade();

                  // For each net we lost a peer for, check if we still have sufficient peers
                  // overall
                  for net in nets {
                    let mut remaining_peers = 0;
                    for nets in connected_peers.values() {
                      if nets.contains(&net) {
                        remaining_peers += 1;
                      }
                    }
                    // If we do not, start connecting to this network again
                    if remaining_peers < 3 {
                      connect_to_network_send
                        .send(net)
                        .expect(
                          "couldn't send net to connect to due to disconnects (receiver dropped?)"
                        );
                    }
                  }

                  log::debug!(
                    "connection with peer {peer_id} closed, connected peers: {}",
                    connected_peers.len(),
                  );
                }
                Some(SwarmEvent::Behaviour(BehaviorEvent::Gossipsub(
                  GsEvent::Message { propagation_source, message, .. },
                ))) => {
                  receive_send
                    .send((propagation_source, message.data))
                    .expect("receive_send closed. are we shutting down?");
                }
                _ => {}
              }
            }

            // Handle peers to dial
            addr_and_nets = to_dial_recv.recv() => {
              let (addr, nets) =
                addr_and_nets.expect("received address was None (sender dropped?)");
              // If we've already dialed and connected to this address, don't further dial them
              // Just associate these networks with them
              if let Some(existing_nets) = connected_peers.write().await.get_mut(&addr) {
                for net in nets {
                  existing_nets.insert(net);
                }
              }

              if let Err(e) = swarm.dial(addr) {
                log::warn!("dialing peer failed: {e:?}");
              }
            }

            // If it's been >80s since we've published a message, publish a KeepAlive since we're
            // still an active service
            // This is useful when we have no active tributaries and accordingly aren't sending
            // heartbeats
            // If we are sending heartbeats, we should've sent one after 60s of no finalized blocks
            // (where a finalized block only occurs due to network activity), meaning this won't be
            // run
            () = tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(80).saturating_sub(time_since_last)) => {
              broadcast_raw(
                &mut swarm,
                &mut time_of_last_p2p_message,
                None,
                P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive.serialize()
              );
            }
          }
        }
      }
    });

    LibP2p {
      subscribe: Arc::new(Mutex::new(subscribe_send)),
      broadcast: Arc::new(Mutex::new(broadcast_send)),
      receive: Arc::new(Mutex::new(receive_recv)),
    }
  }
}

#[async_trait]
impl P2p for LibP2p {
  type Id = PeerId;

  async fn subscribe(&self, set: ValidatorSet, genesis: [u8; 32]) {
    self
      .subscribe
      .lock()
      .await
      .send((true, set, genesis))
      .expect("subscribe_send closed. are we shutting down?");
  }

  async fn unsubscribe(&self, set: ValidatorSet, genesis: [u8; 32]) {
    self
      .subscribe
      .lock()
      .await
      .send((false, set, genesis))
      .expect("subscribe_send closed. are we shutting down?");
  }

  async fn send_raw(&self, _: Self::Id, genesis: Option<[u8; 32]>, msg: Vec<u8>) {
    self.broadcast_raw(genesis, msg).await;
  }

  async fn broadcast_raw(&self, genesis: Option<[u8; 32]>, msg: Vec<u8>) {
    self
      .broadcast
      .lock()
      .await
      .send((genesis, msg))
      .expect("broadcast_send closed. are we shutting down?");
  }

  // TODO: We only have a single handle call this. Differentiate Send/Recv to remove this constant
  // lock acquisition?
  async fn receive_raw(&self) -> (Self::Id, Vec<u8>) {
    self.receive.lock().await.recv().await.expect("receive_recv closed. are we shutting down?")
  }
}

#[async_trait]
impl TributaryP2p for LibP2p {
  async fn broadcast(&self, genesis: [u8; 32], msg: Vec<u8>) {
    <Self as P2p>::broadcast(self, P2pMessageKind::Tributary(genesis), msg).await
  }
}

fn heartbeat_time_unit<D: Db, P: P2p>() -> u64 {
  // Also include the timestamp so LibP2p doesn't flag this as an old message re-circulating
  let timestamp = SystemTime::now()
    .duration_since(SystemTime::UNIX_EPOCH)
    .expect("system clock is wrong")
    .as_secs();
  // Divide by the block time so if multiple parties send a Heartbeat, they're more likely to
  // overlap
  timestamp / u64::from(Tributary::<D, Transaction, P>::block_time())
}

pub async fn heartbeat_tributaries_task<D: Db, P: P2p>(
  p2p: P,
  mut tributary_event: broadcast::Receiver<TributaryEvent<D, P>>,
) {
  let ten_blocks_of_time =
    Duration::from_secs((10 * Tributary::<D, Transaction, P>::block_time()).into());

  let mut readers = HashMap::new();
  loop {
    loop {
      match tributary_event.try_recv() {
        Ok(TributaryEvent::NewTributary(ActiveTributary { spec, tributary })) => {
          readers.insert(spec.set(), tributary.reader());
        }
        Ok(TributaryEvent::TributaryRetired(set)) => {
          readers.remove(&set);
        }
        Err(broadcast::error::TryRecvError::Empty) => break,
        Err(broadcast::error::TryRecvError::Lagged(_)) => {
          panic!("heartbeat_tributaries lagged to handle tributary_event")
        }
        Err(broadcast::error::TryRecvError::Closed) => panic!("tributary_event sender closed"),
      }
    }

    for tributary in readers.values() {
      let tip = tributary.tip();
      let block_time =
        SystemTime::UNIX_EPOCH + Duration::from_secs(tributary.time_of_block(&tip).unwrap_or(0));

      // Only trigger syncing if the block is more than a minute behind
      if SystemTime::now() > (block_time + Duration::from_secs(60)) {
        log::warn!("last known tributary block was over a minute ago");
        let mut msg = tip.to_vec();
        let time_unit = heartbeat_time_unit::<D, P>();
        msg.extend(time_unit.to_le_bytes());
        P2p::broadcast(&p2p, P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(tributary.genesis()), msg).await;
      }
    }

    // Only check once every 10 blocks of time
    sleep(ten_blocks_of_time).await;
  }
}

pub async fn handle_p2p_task<D: Db, P: P2p>(
  p2p: P,
  cosign_channel: mpsc::UnboundedSender<CosignedBlock>,
  mut tributary_event: broadcast::Receiver<TributaryEvent<D, P>>,
  our_key: <Ristretto as Ciphersuite>::G,
) {
  let channels = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::<_, mpsc::UnboundedSender<Message<P>>>::new()));
  tokio::spawn({
    let p2p = p2p.clone();
    let channels = channels.clone();
    let mut set_to_genesis = HashMap::new();
    async move {
      loop {
        match tributary_event.recv().await.unwrap() {
          TributaryEvent::NewTributary(tributary) => {
            let genesis = tributary.spec.genesis();
            set_to_genesis.insert(tributary.spec.set(), genesis);

            let (send, mut recv) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
            channels.write().await.insert(genesis, send);

            // Subscribe to the topic for this tributary
            p2p.subscribe(tributary.spec.set(), genesis).await;

            let spec_set = tributary.spec.set();

            // Per-Tributary P2P message handler
            tokio::spawn({
              let p2p = p2p.clone();
              async move {
                let mut last_replied_to_heartbeat = 0;
                loop {
                  let Some(mut msg) = recv.recv().await else {
                    // Channel closure happens when the tributary retires
                    break;
                  };
                  match msg.kind {
                    P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive => {}

                    P2pMessageKind::Tributary(msg_genesis) => {
                      assert_eq!(msg_genesis, genesis);
                      log::trace!("handling message for tributary {:?}", spec_set);
                      if tributary.tributary.handle_message(&msg.msg).await {
                        P2p::broadcast(&p2p, msg.kind, msg.msg).await;
                      }
                    }

                    // TODO2: Rate limit this per timestamp
                    // And/or slash on Heartbeat which justifies a response, since the node
                    // obviously was offline and we must now use our bandwidth to compensate for
                    // them?
                    P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(msg_genesis) => {
                      assert_eq!(msg_genesis, genesis);

                      let current_time_unit = heartbeat_time_unit::<D, P>();
                      if current_time_unit.saturating_sub(last_replied_to_heartbeat) < 10 {
                        continue;
                      }

                      if msg.msg.len() != 40 {
                        log::error!("validator sent invalid heartbeat");
                        continue;
                      }
                      // Only respond to recent heartbeats
                      let msg_time_unit = u64::from_le_bytes(msg.msg[32 .. 40].try_into().expect(
                        "length-checked heartbeat message didn't have 8 bytes for the u64",
                      ));
                      if current_time_unit.saturating_sub(msg_time_unit) > 1 {
                        continue;
                      }

                      // This is the network's last replied to, not ours specifically
                      last_replied_to_heartbeat = current_time_unit;

                      let reader = tributary.tributary.reader();

                      // Have sqrt(n) nodes reply with the blocks
                      #[allow(clippy::cast_possible_truncation, clippy::cast_sign_loss)]
                      let mut responders = f32::from(tributary.spec.n(&[])).sqrt().floor() as u64;
                      // Try to have at least 3 responders
                      if responders < 3 {
                        responders = tributary.spec.n(&[]).min(3).into();
                      }

                      // Decide which nodes will respond by using the latest block's hash as a
                      // mutually agreed upon entropy source
                      // This isn't a secure source of entropy, yet it's fine for this
                      let entropy = u64::from_le_bytes(reader.tip()[.. 8].try_into().unwrap());
                      // If n = 10, responders = 3, we want `start` to be 0 ..= 7
                      // (so the highest is 7, 8, 9)
                      // entropy % (10 + 1) - 3 = entropy % 8 = 0 ..= 7
                      let start = usize::try_from(
                        entropy % (u64::from(tributary.spec.n(&[]) + 1) - responders),
                      )
                      .unwrap();
                      let mut selected = false;
                      for validator in &tributary.spec.validators()
                        [start .. (start + usize::try_from(responders).unwrap())]
                      {
                        if our_key == validator.0 {
                          selected = true;
                          continue;
                        }
                      }
                      if !selected {
                        log::debug!("received heartbeat and not selected to respond");
                        continue;
                      }

                      log::debug!("received heartbeat and selected to respond");

                      let p2p = p2p.clone();
                      // Spawn a dedicated task as this may require loading large amounts of data
                      // from disk and take a notable amount of time
                      tokio::spawn(async move {
                        // Have the selected nodes respond
                        // TODO: Spawn a dedicated topic for this heartbeat response?
                        let mut latest = msg.msg[.. 32].try_into().unwrap();
                        let mut to_send = vec![];
                        while let Some(next) = reader.block_after(&latest) {
                          to_send.push(next);
                          latest = next;
                        }
                        if to_send.len() > 3 {
                          for next in to_send {
                            let mut res = reader.block(&next).unwrap().serialize();
                            res.extend(reader.commit(&next).unwrap());
                            // Also include the timestamp used within the Heartbeat
                            res.extend(&msg.msg[32 .. 40]);
                            p2p.send(msg.sender, P2pMessageKind::Block(genesis), res).await;
                          }
                        }
                      });
                    }

                    P2pMessageKind::Block(msg_genesis) => {
                      assert_eq!(msg_genesis, genesis);
                      let mut msg_ref: &[u8] = msg.msg.as_ref();
                      let Ok(block) = Block::<Transaction>::read(&mut msg_ref) else {
                        log::error!("received block message with an invalidly serialized block");
                        continue;
                      };
                      // Get just the commit
                      msg.msg.drain(.. (msg.msg.len() - msg_ref.len()));
                      msg.msg.drain((msg.msg.len() - 8) ..);

                      let res = tributary.tributary.sync_block(block, msg.msg).await;
                      log::debug!(
                        "received block from {:?}, sync_block returned {}",
                        msg.sender,
                        res
                      );
                    }

                    P2pMessageKind::CosignedBlock => unreachable!(),
                  }
                }
              }
            });
          }
          TributaryEvent::TributaryRetired(set) => {
            if let Some(genesis) = set_to_genesis.remove(&set) {
              p2p.unsubscribe(set, genesis).await;
              channels.write().await.remove(&genesis);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  });

  loop {
    let msg = p2p.receive().await;
    match msg.kind {
      P2pMessageKind::KeepAlive => {}
      P2pMessageKind::Tributary(genesis) |
      P2pMessageKind::Heartbeat(genesis) |
      P2pMessageKind::Block(genesis) => {
        if let Some(channel) = channels.read().await.get(&genesis) {
          channel.send(msg).unwrap();
        }
      }
      P2pMessageKind::CosignedBlock => {
        let Ok(msg) = CosignedBlock::deserialize_reader(&mut msg.msg.as_slice()) else {
          log::error!("received CosignedBlock message with invalidly serialized contents");
          continue;
        };
        cosign_channel.send(msg).unwrap();
      }
    }
  }
}