Correct discrepancies with the IETF draft

While all the transcript/extension code works as expected, which means, 
they don't cause any conflicts, n was still capped at u64::MAX at 
creation when it needs to be u16. Furthermore, participant index and 
scalars/points were little endian instead of big endian/curve dependent.

coins/monero/src/clsag/multisig.rs

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ impl Algorithm<Ed25519> for Multisig {
     // Given this is guaranteed to match commitments, which FROST commits to, this also technically
     // doesn't need to be committed to if a canonical serialization is guaranteed
     // It, again, doesn't hurt to include and ensures security boundaries are well formed
-    self.transcript.append_message(b"participant", &u64::try_from(l).unwrap().to_le_bytes());
+    self.transcript.append_message(b"participant", &u16::try_from(l).unwrap().to_be_bytes());
     self.transcript.append_message(b"commitments_H", &serialized[0 .. 64]);
 
     #[allow(non_snake_case)]

coins/monero/src/frost.rs

@@ -77,15 +77,14 @@ impl Curve for Ed25519 {
     32
   }
 
-  fn F_from_le_slice(slice: &[u8]) -> Result<Self::F, CurveError> {
+  fn F_from_slice(slice: &[u8]) -> Result<Self::F, CurveError> {
     let scalar = Self::F::from_repr(
       slice.try_into().map_err(|_| CurveError::InvalidLength(32, slice.len()))?
     );
-    if scalar.is_some().unwrap_u8() == 1 {
-      Ok(scalar.unwrap())
-    } else {
-      Err(CurveError::InvalidScalar)
+    if scalar.is_some().unwrap_u8() == 0 {
+      Err(CurveError::InvalidScalar)?;
     }
+    Ok(scalar.unwrap())
   }
 
   fn G_from_slice(slice: &[u8]) -> Result<Self::G, CurveError> {
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ impl Curve for Ed25519 {
     }
   }
 
-  fn F_to_le_bytes(f: &Self::F) -> Vec<u8> {
+  fn F_to_bytes(f: &Self::F) -> Vec<u8> {
     f.to_repr().to_vec()
   }
 

coins/monero/src/transaction/multisig.rs

@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ impl SignableTransaction {
       // These outputs can only be spent once. Therefore, it forces all RNGs derived from this
       // transcript (such as the one used to create one time keys) to be unique
       transcript.append_message(b"input_hash", &input.tx.0);
+      // TODO: Should this be u8, u16, or u32? Right now, outputs are solely up to 16, but what
+      // about the future?
       transcript.append_message(b"input_output_index", &u64::try_from(input.o).unwrap().to_le_bytes());
       // Not including this, with a doxxed list of payments, would allow brute forcing the inputs
       // to determine RNG seeds and therefore the true spends

crypto/frost/src/key_gen.rs

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ use crate::{Curve, MultisigParams, MultisigKeys, FrostError};
 
 #[allow(non_snake_case)]
 fn challenge<C: Curve>(l: usize, context: &str, R: &[u8], Am: &[u8]) -> C::F {
-  let mut c = Vec::with_capacity(8 + context.len() + R.len() + Am.len());
-  c.extend(&u64::try_from(l).unwrap().to_le_bytes());
+  let mut c = Vec::with_capacity(2 + context.len() + R.len() + Am.len());
+  c.extend(&u16::try_from(l).unwrap().to_be_bytes());
   c.extend(context.as_bytes());
   c.extend(R);  // R
   c.extend(Am); // A of the first commitment, which is what we're proving we have the private key
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ fn generate_key_r1<R: RngCore + CryptoRng, C: Curve>(
   let s = k + (coefficients[0] * c);
 
   serialized.extend(&C::G_to_bytes(&R));
-  serialized.extend(&C::F_to_le_bytes(&s));
+  serialized.extend(&C::F_to_bytes(&s));
 
   // Step 4: Broadcast
   (coefficients, commitments, serialized)
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ fn verify_r1<R: RngCore + CryptoRng, C: Curve>(
     );
 
     scalars.push(
-      -C::F_from_le_slice(
+      -C::F_from_slice(
         &serialized[l][commitments_len + C::G_len() .. serialized[l].len()]
       ).map_err(|_| FrostError::InvalidProofOfKnowledge(l))? * u
     );
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ fn verify_r1<R: RngCore + CryptoRng, C: Curve>(
         &serialized[l][commitments_len .. commitments_len + C::G_len()]
       ).map_err(|_| FrostError::InvalidProofOfKnowledge(l))?;
 
-      let s = C::F_from_le_slice(
+      let s = C::F_from_slice(
         &serialized[l][commitments_len + C::G_len() .. serialized[l].len()]
       ).map_err(|_| FrostError::InvalidProofOfKnowledge(l))?;
 
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ fn generate_key_r2<R: RngCore + CryptoRng, C: Curve>(
       continue
     }
 
-    res.push(C::F_to_le_bytes(&polynomial(&coefficients, i)));
+    res.push(C::F_to_bytes(&polynomial(&coefficients, i)));
   }
 
   // Calculate our own share
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ fn complete_r2<C: Curve>(
       shares.push(C::F::zero());
       continue;
     }
-    shares.push(C::F_from_le_slice(&serialized[i]).map_err(|_| FrostError::InvalidShare(i))?);
+    shares.push(C::F_from_slice(&serialized[i]).map_err(|_| FrostError::InvalidShare(i))?);
   }
 
 

crypto/frost/src/lib.rs

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ pub trait Curve: Clone + Copy + PartialEq + Eq + Debug {
   // While they do technically exist, their usage of Self::Repr breaks all potential library usage
   // without helper functions like this
   #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-  fn F_from_le_slice(slice: &[u8]) -> Result<Self::F, CurveError>;
+  fn F_from_slice(slice: &[u8]) -> Result<Self::F, CurveError>;
 
   /// Group element from slice. Must require canonicity or risks differing binding factors
   #[allow(non_snake_case)]
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ pub trait Curve: Clone + Copy + PartialEq + Eq + Debug {
 
   /// Obtain a vector of the byte encoding of F
   #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-  fn F_to_le_bytes(f: &Self::F) -> Vec<u8>;
+  fn F_to_bytes(f: &Self::F) -> Vec<u8>;
 
   /// Obtain a vector of the byte encoding of G
   #[allow(non_snake_case)]
@@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ impl MultisigParams {
       Err(FrostError::ZeroParameter(t, n))?;
     }
 
-    if u64::try_from(n).is_err() {
-      Err(FrostError::TooManyParticipants(n, u64::MAX))?;
+    if u16::try_from(n).is_err() {
+      Err(FrostError::TooManyParticipants(n, u16::MAX))?;
     }
 
     // When t == n, this shouldn't be used (MuSig2 and other variants of MuSig exist for a reason),
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ pub enum FrostError {
   #[error("a parameter was 0 (required {0}, participants {1})")]
   ZeroParameter(usize, usize),
   #[error("too many participants (max {1}, got {0})")]
-  TooManyParticipants(usize, u64),
+  TooManyParticipants(usize, u16),
   #[error("invalid amount of required participants (max {1}, got {0})")]
   InvalidRequiredQuantity(usize, usize),
   #[error("invalid participant index (0 < index <= {0}, yet index is {1})")]
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ impl<C: Curve> MultisigKeys<C> {
     serialized.extend(&(self.params.n as u64).to_le_bytes());
     serialized.extend(&(self.params.t as u64).to_le_bytes());
     serialized.extend(&(self.params.i as u64).to_le_bytes());
-    serialized.extend(&C::F_to_le_bytes(&self.secret_share));
+    serialized.extend(&C::F_to_bytes(&self.secret_share));
     serialized.extend(&C::G_to_bytes(&self.group_key));
     for i in 1 ..= self.params.n {
       serialized.extend(&C::G_to_bytes(&self.verification_shares[i]));
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ impl<C: Curve> MultisigKeys<C> {
       .map_err(|_| FrostError::InternalError("parameter doesn't fit into usize".to_string()))?;
     cursor += 8;
 
-    let secret_share = C::F_from_le_slice(&serialized[cursor .. (cursor + C::F_len())])
+    let secret_share = C::F_from_slice(&serialized[cursor .. (cursor + C::F_len())])
       .map_err(|_| FrostError::InternalError("invalid secret share".to_string()))?;
     cursor += C::F_len();
     let group_key = C::G_from_slice(&serialized[cursor .. (cursor + C::G_len())])

crypto/frost/src/sign.rs

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ fn sign_with_share<C: Curve, A: Algorithm<C>>(
     let transcript = params.algorithm.transcript();
     transcript.domain_separate(b"FROST");
     if params.keys.offset.is_some() {
-      transcript.append_message(b"offset", &C::F_to_le_bytes(&params.keys.offset.unwrap()));
+      transcript.append_message(b"offset", &C::F_to_bytes(&params.keys.offset.unwrap()));
     }
   }
 
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ fn sign_with_share<C: Curve, A: Algorithm<C>>(
       B.push(Some(our_preprocess.commitments));
       {
         let transcript = params.algorithm.transcript();
-        transcript.append_message(b"participant", &u16::try_from(l).unwrap().to_le_bytes());
+        transcript.append_message(b"participant", &u16::try_from(l).unwrap().to_be_bytes());
         transcript.append_message(
           b"commitments",
           &our_preprocess.serialized[0 .. (C::G_len() * 2)]
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ fn sign_with_share<C: Curve, A: Algorithm<C>>(
     B.push(Some([D, E]));
     {
       let transcript = params.algorithm.transcript();
-      transcript.append_message(b"participant", &u16::try_from(l).unwrap().to_le_bytes());
+      transcript.append_message(b"participant", &u16::try_from(l).unwrap().to_be_bytes());
       transcript.append_message(b"commitments", &commitments[0 .. commitments_len]);
     }
   }
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ fn sign_with_share<C: Curve, A: Algorithm<C>>(
     our_preprocess.nonces[0] + (our_preprocess.nonces[1] * binding),
     msg
   );
-  Ok((Package { Ris, R, share }, C::F_to_le_bytes(&share)))
+  Ok((Package { Ris, R, share }, C::F_to_bytes(&share)))
 }
 
 // This doesn't check the signing set is as expected and unexpected changes can cause false blames
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ fn complete<C: Curve, A: Algorithm<C>>(
       Err(FrostError::InvalidShare(l))?;
     }
 
-    let part = C::F_from_le_slice(serialized[l].as_ref().unwrap())
+    let part = C::F_from_slice(serialized[l].as_ref().unwrap())
       .map_err(|_| FrostError::InvalidShare(l))?;
     sum += part;
     responses.push(Some(part));

crypto/frost/tests/common.rs

@@ -61,11 +61,9 @@ impl Curve for Secp256k1 {
     33
   }
 
-  fn F_from_le_slice(slice: &[u8]) -> Result<Self::F, CurveError> {
-    let mut bytes: [u8; 32] = slice.try_into().map_err(
-      |_| CurveError::InvalidLength(32, slice.len())
-    )?;
-    bytes.reverse();
+  fn F_from_slice(slice: &[u8]) -> Result<Self::F, CurveError> {
+    let bytes: [u8; 32] = slice.try_into()
+      .map_err(|_| CurveError::InvalidLength(32, slice.len()))?;
     let scalar = Scalar::from_repr(bytes.into());
     if scalar.is_none().unwrap_u8() == 1 {
       Err(CurveError::InvalidScalar)?;
@@ -81,10 +79,8 @@ impl Curve for Secp256k1 {
     Ok(point.unwrap())
   }
 
-  fn F_to_le_bytes(f: &Self::F) -> Vec<u8> {
-    let mut res: [u8; 32] = f.to_bytes().into();
-    res.reverse();
-    res.to_vec()
+  fn F_to_bytes(f: &Self::F) -> Vec<u8> {
+    (&f.to_bytes()).to_vec()
   }
 
   fn G_to_bytes(g: &Self::G) -> Vec<u8> {